fjt_684726 - ARTILLERY Jean d’Estrées 1563
350.00 €(Approx. 409.50$ | 301.00£)
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Type : Jean d’Estrées
Date: 1563
Metal : silver
Diameter : 27,3 mm
Orientation dies : 9 h.
Weight : 4,25 g.
Edge : lisse
Rarity : R2
Catalogue references :
Obverse
Obverse legend : (ROSE) ME. I. D'ESTREES. CHL. CAPI. G. D. L'ARTILLERIE. DE. F..
Obverse description : Écu écartelé aux armes d’Estrées et de la Cauchie entouré du collier de l'ordre de Saint-Michel et surmonté d’une petite couronne de laurier.
Reverse
Reverse legend : VIRTVTI INVICTISS ; À L'EXERGUE : 1563.
Reverse description : Minerve, sur deux canons, couronnant de chaque main le monogramme de Charles IX..
Reverse translation : (Invaincu grace à sa bravoure).
Commentary
La famille d’Estrées est originaire de Picardie. Les armes de Jean d’Estrées sont d’argent fretté de sable, au chef d’or chargé de trois merlettes du second. Feuardent indique que Jean d’Estrées avait été page en Bretagne. Nous retrouvons ses armes sur les jetons des Bombardiers (F. 1140 et 1141). Un autre jeton de ce type se rencontre pour 1566 (C. 1761). Les jetons de Jean d’Estrées sont datés de la période 1563-1571 (C. 1759-1764). Nous retrouvons ce revers pour un jeton de Charles IX (F. 11675).
The d'Estrées family originated from Picardy. The arms of Jean d'Estrées are silver fretted sable, with a chief or charged with three martlets of the second. Feuardent indicates that Jean d'Estrées had been a page in Brittany. We find his arms on the tokens of the Bombardiers (F. 1140 and 1141). Another token of this type is found for 1566 (C. 1761). The tokens of Jean d'Estrées are dated to the period 1563-1571 (C. 1759-1764). We find this reverse for a token of Charles IX (F. 11675)
The d'Estrées family originated from Picardy. The arms of Jean d'Estrées are silver fretted sable, with a chief or charged with three martlets of the second. Feuardent indicates that Jean d'Estrées had been a page in Brittany. We find his arms on the tokens of the Bombardiers (F. 1140 and 1141). Another token of this type is found for 1566 (C. 1761). The tokens of Jean d'Estrées are dated to the period 1563-1571 (C. 1759-1764). We find this reverse for a token of Charles IX (F. 11675)
Historical background
ARTILLERY
Before Louvois, the artillery was entrusted to civilian contractors who provided the men and equipment for each gun in battery for a given price. It came under a grand master of the artillery, a charge created under Charles VII, which belonged to Sully from 1599 to 1610 or to the Duke of Meilleraye under Richelieu. With Louvois, the artillery became an integral part of the army and was protected by the regiment of the king's riflemen. Ranks in the artillery were more accessible to commoners than in other regiments, advancement was given on merits and talents. Until the 18th century, the equipment left much to be desired with different calibers, different carriages and different wheels. The standardization and modernity of artillery will owe much to J.-B. de Gribeauval, Inspector General of Artillery since 1776. At the end of the 18th century, French artillery will be the first in Europe and this superiority will explain the victories of the Revolution.
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