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fjt_02156 - ARTILLERY Armand de Gontaut-Biron, Maréchal 1578

ARTILLERY Armand de Gontaut-Biron, Maréchal XF
Not available.
Item sold on our e-shop (2011)
Price : 280.00 €
Type : Armand de Gontaut-Biron, Maréchal
Date: 1578
Metal : silver
Diameter : 27,7 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Edge : lisse
Rarity : R2
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse legend : ARM. DE. GONTAULT. D. BIRON. G. ME. CAPPNE. GNAL ; EN SECONDE LÉGENDE : DE. L'ARTILL. ET. MARESCH. DE. FRANCE.
Obverse description : Armes de Armand Gontault de Biron : écartelé d'or et de gueules, l'écu en bannière.

Reverse


Reverse legend : FAMAM. EXTENDERE. FACTIS ; À L'EXERGUE : NON. EX. OTIO. 1578.
Reverse description : Une main tenant la foudre sur un crocodile marchant vers un sceptre couronné.

Commentary


Armand de Gontaut-Biron, maréchal de France, né en 1524 et tué au siège d’Épernay le 26 juillet 1592.
Originaire d'une famille ancienne du Périgord, servit d'abord en Piémont sous le maréchal de Brissac ; prit part, dans l'armée catholique, aux batailles de Dreux et de Saint-Denis. Après celle-ci, il négocie la paix de Longjumeau.
Il combat ensuite à Moncontour, quoiqu'il fût proche des Huguenots ; est nommé en 1569 grand maître de l'artillerie, et est chargé ainsi que de Henri de Mesmes, seigneur de Malassise, de conclure avec les Huguenots la paix de Saint-Germain. Cette paix fut appelée « boiteuse et mal assise », par allusion à la claudication de Gontaut-Biron et au nom de la seigneurie (Malassise) de Mesmes[1]. Gontaut-Biron reçut en 1577 le bâton de maréchal et commanda successivement en Guyenne, dans les Pays-Bas et Saintonge ; il fut à la mort de Henri III, l'un des premiers à reconnaitre Henri IV, rendit les plus grands services à ce prince à la bataille d'Arques et au siège de Paris, et fut tué au siège d'Épernay. C'était un des plus grands capitaines de son temps.
Pour sa biographie complète et son buste http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armand_de_Gontaut-Biron .
Armand de Gontaut-Biron, Marshal of France, born in 1524 and killed at the siege of Épernay on July 26, 1592.
Originally from an old family of Périgord, he first served in Piedmont under Marshal de Brissac; took part in the Catholic army in the battles of Dreux and Saint-Denis. After this, he negotiated the Peace of Longjumeau.
He then fought at Moncontour, although he was close to the Huguenots; in 1569 he was appointed Grand Master of the Artillery, and was charged, along with Henri de Mesmes, Lord of Malassise, with concluding the Peace of Saint-Germain with the Huguenots.. This peace was called \\\"lame and poorly seated\\\", in allusion to the limp of Gontaut-Biron and to the name of the lordship (Malassise) of Mesmes[1]. Gontaut-Biron received the marshal's baton in 1577 and commanded successively in Guyenne, the Netherlands and Saintonge; he was, at the death of Henry III, one of the first to recognize Henry IV, rendered the greatest services to this prince at the battle of Arques and the siege of Paris, and was killed at the siege of Épernay.. He was one of the greatest captains of his time..
For his complete biography and bust http://fr. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Armand_de_Gontaut-Biron

Historical background


ARTILLERY

Before Louvois, the artillery was entrusted to civilian contractors who provided the men and equipment for each gun in battery for a given price. It came under a grand master of the artillery, a charge created under Charles VII, which belonged to Sully from 1599 to 1610 or to the Duke of Meilleraye under Richelieu. With Louvois, the artillery became an integral part of the army and was protected by the regiment of the king's riflemen. Ranks in the artillery were more accessible to commoners than in other regiments, advancement was given on merits and talents. Until the 18th century, the equipment left much to be desired with different calibers, different carriages and different wheels. The standardization and modernity of artillery will owe much to J.-B. de Gribeauval, Inspector General of Artillery since 1776. At the end of the 18th century, French artillery will be the first in Europe and this superiority will explain the victories of the Revolution.

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