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Live auction - bry_677790 - JOHN II "THE GOOD" Mouton d'or n.d.

JOHN II  THE GOOD  Mouton d or n.d.  MS63
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All winning bids are subject to a 18% buyer’s fee.
Estimate : 2 200 €
Price : 4 301 €
Maximum bid : 4 500 €
End of the sale : 07 December 2021 17:29:05
bidders : 8 bidders
Type : Mouton d'or
Date: 17/01/1355
Date: n.d. 
Metal : gold
Millesimal fineness : 1000 ‰
Diameter : 29 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 4,65 g.
Rarity : R1
Slab
slab NGC
NGC : 63
Coments on the condition:
Ce mouton d’or est frappé sur un flan irrégulier et large. Exemplaire présentant d’assez hauts reliefs
Catalogue references :
Predigree :
Exemplaire n° 83 du trésor de la région de Pontivy (Morbihan). Exemplaire sous coque NGC, n° 6142676-014, MS63

Obverse


Obverse legend : + AGN° DEI° QVI° TOLL° PECATA° MVDI° MISERERE° NOBI, (PONCTUATION PAR SIMPLE ANNELET POINTÉ).
Obverse description : Agneau pascal à gauche, tournant la tête à droite avec un nimbe crucigère, devant une croix avec gonfanon qui coupe la légende de l'exergue dans un polylobe sous fome de trèfle et interrompu en bas ; à l'exergue IOh' - REX.
Obverse translation : (Jean, roi ; agneau de Dieu qui enlève les péchés du monde, prends pitié de nous).

Reverse


Reverse legend : + XP'C+ VINCIT+ XP'C+ REGHAT+ XP'C+ INPERAT, (N ONCIALES ET N RÉTROGRADES, PONCTUATION PAR DEUX QUADRILOBES ÉVIDÉS ET SUPERPOSÉS).
Reverse description : Croix tréflée et feuillue, avec en cœur une rosette dans un petit quadrilobe, accostée de quatre lis, dans un quadrilobe anglé cantonné de huit petits lis.
Reverse translation : (Le Christ vainc, le Christ règne, le Christ commande).

Commentary


Variété avec le polylobe du droit composé de trèfles.

Historical background


JOHN II "THE GOOD"

(22/08/1350-8/04/1364)

Jean, Duke of Normandy, ascended the throne of France at the age of thirty-one, having already to his credit a long experience of military campaigns. From the start, he alienated Charles of Navarre by ceding the county of Angoulême to his favourite, the constable Charles of Spain. The latter was assassinated by the Navarrese in January 1354. The following February, Jean had to conclude the Treaty of Mantes with Charles and cede vast estates in Normandy to him.. To respond to the creation of the Order of the Garter in 1348, John instituted the Order of the Star in 1351. In 1355, Prince Noir, son of Edward III, began the war in Guyenne. His ride took him to Armagnac, then to Languedoc. At the same time, the English launched raids from Calais. The coin was collapsing, insecurity was general. In December 1355, the States General assembled in the great hall of the Palais de la Cité. It was decided to raise a tax to fight against the English. Its collection was entrusted to "elected" appointed by the States. The following year, new Estates General were convened, again to deal with tax collection.. The Bishop of Laon, Robert Le Coq, then sought to pit Prince Charles, Duke of Normandy, against his father.. The same year, the English of the Duke of Lancaster ravaged Normandy. Wanting to put an end to the rides of the Black Prince, John II cut him off from Bordeaux and forced him into battle near Poitiers. The fate of arms was unfavorable to the French and Jean was captured and taken captive to England. Charles took the title of king's lieutenant and then, in 1358, that of regent. In Paris, the bourgeois brought to the provost of the merchants Étienne Marcel, from an old family of drapers, who, in the States of 1356, had taken the head of a party which demanded the participation of the States in the government.. New Estates General, convened in February 1357 by Charles, were even more unfavorable to the monarchy. Robert Le Coq and his party tended to place royalty under control: appointment of general reformers responsible for purifying the administration, periodicity of the States, entry into the Council of ten delegates from the States. On February 22, 1358, Étienne Marcel and his supporters invaded the Palais de la Cité and assassinated the Marshals of Champagne and Normandy under the eyes of the Dauphin. Soon, Charles left Paris and summoned the States for May 4 in Compiègne. The plague, the jacqueries, the disorders tired public opinion and brought it back to the side of power.. On July 31, 1358, Étienne Marcel was assassinated in turn and, the following month, the regent returned to Paris.. However, anarchy was now spreading throughout the kingdom. The cavalcades of the English captains sacked the provinces. It was necessary to deal: on March 24, 1359, to regain his freedom, Jean agreed to pay a ransom of four million crowns and to cede to Edward a large Aquitaine in full suzerainty. The Treaty of Brétigny, the following May, reduced the ransom to three million and the territorial cessions to Aquitaine, Calais and Ponthieu. A solemn treaty, signed at Calais in October, confirmed these provisions. Released, John II decided to go on the Crusade. In August 1362, he left Paris for Avignon. However, the young Louis of Anjou had just fled from England. True to his word, John handed over the government of the kingdom to Charles and returned to London in January 1364 to take his son's place.. He died there some time later.

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