fwo_1033856 - ITALY - PAPAL STATES - PIUS IX (Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti) 20 Lire an XXIII 1868 Rome
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Type : 20 Lire an XXIII
Date: an XXI
Mint name / Town : Roma
Quantity minted : 38731
Metal : gold
Millesimal fineness : 900 ‰
Diameter : 21,5 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 6,45 g.
Edge : cannelée
Rarity : R1
Catalogue references :
Obverse
Obverse legend : PIVS. IX. PON. - MAX. AN. XXIII.
Obverse description : Buste du Saint-Père, Pie IX à gauche ; au-dessous, motif floral.
Reverse
Reverse legend : *STATO* PONTIFICIO*/ 20/ LIRE/ 1868.
Reverse description : au centre dans une couronne composite.
Commentary
1866 marque l'adoption du système décimal complet avec la Lire comme unité monétaire et le rattachement des États de l'Église au système de l'Union Latine créé en 1864. Ces pièces furent fabriquées entre 1866 et 1870. En 1870, les troupes italiennes s'emparèrent de Rome, malgré la présence de troupes françaises chargées de défendre l'intégrité de la ville. Ce type fut démonétisé par la loi italienne du 1er octobre 1885.
1866 marked the adoption of the full decimal system with the Lira as the monetary unit and the attachment of the Church States to the Latin Union system created in 1864. These coins were produced between 1866 and 1870. In 1870, Italian troops captured Rome, despite the presence of French troops charged with defending the integrity of the city. This type was demonetized by the Italian law of October 1, 1885
1866 marked the adoption of the full decimal system with the Lira as the monetary unit and the attachment of the Church States to the Latin Union system created in 1864. These coins were produced between 1866 and 1870. In 1870, Italian troops captured Rome, despite the presence of French troops charged with defending the integrity of the city. This type was demonetized by the Italian law of October 1, 1885
Historical background
ITALY - PAPAL STATES - PIUS IX (Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti)
(06/16/1846-02/7/1878)
Pius IX (1792-1878), elected after a vacancy of only fifteen days, had the longest pontificate of the 19th century. After a happy start, showing in him, if not a liberal, at least an innovator between 1846-1848, the Roman revolution threw him back into conservatism. After the February Revolution in France, unrest spread throughout Europe and even Rome. Faced with the refusal of Pius IX to declare war on Austria, the republic was proclaimed on February 9 at the instigation of Mazzini and Garibaldi. On June 1, an expeditionary force was sent to Rome to restore order. The French seized the city on July 3 and restored Pius IX. He could not prevent Victor Emmanuel II from achieving Italian unity and found himself isolated from 1861. Rome resisted for another nine years before falling into the hands of the King of Italy and becoming the capital in 1870. Pius IX saw the nine last years of his life considering himself a prisoner of Italian power.
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