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fjt_128161 - CORPORATIONS Communauté des traiteurs, émission vers 1720 1719

CORPORATIONS Communauté des traiteurs, émission vers 1720 AU
240.00 €(Approx. 261.60$ | 201.60£)
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Type : Communauté des traiteurs, émission vers 1720
Date: 1719
Metal : silver
Diameter : 27,5 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 4,82 g.
Rarity : R2
Coments on the condition:
Patine noire au revers et patine claire à l’avers
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse legend : LUD. XV. D. G. FR. - ET. NAV. REX..
Obverse description : Buste à droite de Louis XV, type Guéant Prieur 518C.
Obverse translation : Louis XV, par la grâce de Dieu, roi de France et de Navarre.

Reverse


Reverse legend : .MATER. * .CHRISTI. ; À L'EXERGUE : COMMUNAUTE. DES. MES. TRAITTEURS. .1719. (9 À L'ENVERS).
Reverse description : La Vierge portant dans ses bras l'enfant Jésus.
Reverse translation : La mère du Christ.

Commentary


Sous l'Ancien régime, le traiteur exerce une profession plus respectable que celle de tavernier, qui ne vendait que du vin, de celle du rôtisseur ou celle de cabaretier qui servait vin et repas complets, ce dernier parvenant toutefois à attirer toutes les couches de société. Les marchands de vin traiteurs, spécialisés à l'origine dans les noces et les banquets, supplantent au XVIIIe siècle tavernier, rôtisseur et cabaretier lorsqu'ils se mettent aussi à préparer les repas pour des clients fidèles ou de passage, avant d'être à leur tour supplantés par les restaurateurs à la fin du XVIIIe. Voir la fiche http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traiteur.
Cet exemplaire illustre le type dans le Guéant-Prieur.

Historical background


CORPORATIONS

In Rome, groups of artisans already existed: forming a college placed under the protection of a divinity, with a common house and fund. In medieval Europe, probably from religious brotherhoods, economic groups were formed between merchants called hanse or ghilde.. With the development of trade, craftsmen organized themselves into trade bodies or communities which brought together all those who practiced the same profession: masters, journeymen or apprentices.. To enter the body, you had to "swear" the profession. Alongside, there were free professions that could be practiced by all.. Each corps was headed by a collegial management responsible for enforcing the regulations of the trade, protecting the trade from competition and directing the mutual benefit society.. At the end of the 17th century, the king began to sell the functions of jurors and corporate trustees as hereditary offices, which led to serious financial difficulties at a time when the corporations no longer met the new economic requirements of the development of industry and business concentration. It is also in England that the corporations disappeared spontaneously because of the industrial revolution.. The corporations will be abolished in France in 1791 by the Constituent Assembly.

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