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E-auction 178-111477 - bpv_173815 - CARACALLA Tétradrachme syro-phénicien

CARACALLA Tétradrachme syro-phénicien VF
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NO BUYER'S FEE.
Estimate : 190 €
Price : 45 €
Maximum bid : 60 €
End of the sale : 12 September 2016 15:13:30
bidders : 6 bidders
Type : Tétradrachme syro-phénicien
Date: 215-217
Mint name / Town : Sidon, Phénicie
Metal : billon
Diameter : 26 mm
Orientation dies : 11 h.
Weight : 12,27 g.
Rarity : R2
Coments on the condition:
Peu d’usure mais de gros problèmes de corrosion de surface
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse description : Buste lauré, drapé et cuirassé de Caracalla à droite, vu de trois quarts en arrière, les deux rubans de la couronne laurée descendant derrière la tête (A*2).
Obverse legend : AUT. KAI. AN-TwNINOS SE, (Autokrator Kaisar Antwninos Sebastos)
Obverse translation : (L'empereur césar Antonin auguste).

Reverse


Reverse description : Aigle debout à droite, les ailes déployées, la tête et la queue tournées à gauche, tenant dans son bec une couronne feuillée ; entre les pattes de l’aigle, le chariot du bétyl d’Astarté.
Reverse legend : DHMAR EX UPATOS D
Reverse translation : (Revêtu de la puissance tribunitienne consul pour la quatrième fois).

Commentary


Si il n’était, parmi les tétradrachmes syro-phéniciens, qu’une seule série dont l’attribution fut absolument certaine, ce serait celle de Sidon. Les deux symboles utilisés, Europe sur le taureau et le char d’Astarté sont attestés pour la ville non seulement par les bronzes municipaux mais par l’Histoire et la mythologie.
Concernant Europe, la représentation est celle que l’on retrouve dans toute l’antiquité : la princesse, assise sur le taureau, tient un voile que gonfle le vent au-dessus de sa tête.
Le char d’Astarté est monté sur roues et contient un bétyl. Selon les coins, les détails sont plus ou moins nets mais les meilleures représentations se trouvent sur les bronzes.
On note que les sigma sont gravés en C.
Dans la base TSP maintenue par Michel Prieur, huit exemplaires sont maintenant répertoriés, dont deux en musées, l’un en Israel, l’autre à Paris, ex collection Seyrig. Notre exemplaire est le 1363_007.
If there were only one series of Syro-Phoenician tetradrachms whose attribution was absolutely certain, it would be that of Sidon. The two symbols used, Europa on the bull and the chariot of Astarte, are attested for the city not only by municipal bronzes but also by history and mythology. Concerning Europa, the representation is the one found throughout antiquity: the princess, seated on the bull, holds a veil that the wind inflates above her head. The chariot of Astarte is mounted on wheels and contains a betyl. Depending on the dies, the details are more or less clear, but the best representations are found on the bronzes. It should be noted that the sigmas are engraved in C. In the TSP database maintained by Michel Prieur, eight examples are now listed, including two in museums, one in Israel, the other in Paris, ex Seyrig collection. Our example is 1363_007

Historical background


CARACALLA

(05/27/196-04/8/217)

Augustus

After Geta's assassination, Caracalla decreed the "damnatio memoriæ" of his brother. The "Constitution Antoniniana" was promulgated in 212. All the inhabitants of the Empire became Roman citizens. The following year he undertook a campaign in Germania and won numerous victories over the Germans, Iapyges and Goths. He received the title of "Germanicus". The end of the reign was marked in 215 by the Monetary Reform and the creation of the Antoninianus. Caracalla begins a final campaign against the Parthians. He is assassinated after having celebrated his vicennalia.

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