E-auction 77-38383 - fjt_06442 - ARTILLERY L'Etna en éruption - Louis Auguste de Bourbon 1735
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| Estimate : | 75 € |
| Price : | 19 € |
| Maximum bid : | 19 € |
| End of the sale : | 06 October 2014 18:42:00 |
| bidders : | 7 bidders |
Type : L'Etna en éruption - Louis Auguste de Bourbon
Date: 1735
Metal : silver
Diameter : 29 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Edge : cannelée
Rarity : R1
Catalogue references :
Obverse
Obverse description : Buste de Louis Auguste de Bourbon signé I.D.
Reverse
Reverse legend : NEC DUM NOSTROS CONSUMPSIMUS IGNES ; À L'EXERGUE : ARTILLERIE. 1735.
Reverse description : L'Etna en éruption. Au pied du volcan, des canons.
Reverse translation : Tant que nous n'avons pas épuisé nos feux.
Commentary
Louis Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine, duc d'Aumale, prince de Dombes, comte d’Eu, né à Saint-Germain-en-Laye le 31 mars 1670 et mort à Sceaux, 21 mai 1736, est un fils légitimé de Louis XIV et de madame de Montespan.
Dès sa naissance, il fut pris en charge par la veuve Scarron, future marquise de Maintenon, qui s’occupait déjà de sa sœur aînée (laquelle mourut la même année). L’enfant nait infirme et boitera toute sa vie (d’où le sobriquet « Gambillard » qui lui sera attribué). Rapidement, il devint son préféré. Sa protection lui fut d’un grand secours pendant le règne de Louis XIV. Il fut légitimé en décembre 1673. En janvier 1674, il déménagea à la Cour avec ses frères et sa gouvernante.
La même année, il reçut la charge de colonel général des Suisses et Grisons. De tempérament pieux et effacé, il étudia avec beaucoup de soin. En revanche, malgré les efforts du maréchal de Luxembourg, il comprenait médiocrement la science militaire et se révéla ensuite piètre officier.
En 1681, la Grande Mademoiselle, voulant épouser son amant le duc de Lauzun, victime d’un chantage mené par Mme de Maintenon, lui céda la principauté de Dombes et le comté d’Eu. En 1682, il fut promu gouverneur du Languedoc. En 1686, il devint duc d’Aumale et chevalier de l'ordre du Saint-Esprit, la plus haute distinction de la Royauté. En 1688, il fut promu par le roi général des galères, puis lieutenant général. Il a alors 18 ans, souhaite prendre femme, mais le roi soucieux de ne pas voir ses enfants illégitimes faire souche refuse pendant un certain temps.
Le roi, son père, ayant marié ses bâtardes aux princes de son sang et face à une coalition européenne qui luttait contre sa politique expansionniste (guerre de la ligue d'Augsbourg), songea alors à lui faire épouser sa nièce, Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, laquelle, montant en graine, ne pouvait trouver un époux de son rang à cause de ladite guerre. Cependant, le roi se heurta au refus sa belle-sœur, la célèbre princesse Palatine. Le duc épousa le 19 mai 1692 Mademoiselle de Charolais, fille du prince de Condé. Ils eurent sept enfants, tous sans postérité
pour une biographie complète, voir http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Auguste_de_Bourbon mais il est bon de noter que sa charge de Grand Maître de l’Artillerie n’y est même mentionnée...
.
Louis Auguste de Bourbon, Duke of Maine, Duke of Aumale, Prince of Dombes, Count of Eu, born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye on March 31, 1670 and died in Sceaux on May 21, 1736, is a legitimized son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan.
From birth, he was taken care of by the widow Scarron, future Marquise de Maintenon, who was already looking after his elder sister (who died the same year).. The child was born crippled and would limp for the rest of his life (hence the nickname \\\"Gamillard\\\" which was given to him).. He quickly became her favorite. His protection was of great help to him during the reign of Louis XIV. He was legitimized in December 1673. In January 1674 he moved to Court with his brothers and his governess..
In the same year, he received the position of Colonel General of the Swiss and Grisons. Of pious and self-effacing temperament, he studied with great care. On the other hand, despite the efforts of Marshal Luxembourg, he had a poor understanding of military science and subsequently proved to be a poor officer..
In 1681, the Grande Mademoiselle, wanting to marry her lover the Duke of Lauzun, victim of blackmail led by Madame de Maintenon, ceded to him the principality of Dombes and the county of Eu. In 1682 he was promoted to governor of Languedoc. In 1686, he became Duke of Aumale and Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit, the highest distinction of Royalty.. In 1688 he was promoted by the king to general of the galleys, then lieutenant general.. He was then 18 years old and wanted to take a wife, but the king, anxious not to see his illegitimate children take root, refused for a while..
The king, his father, having married his illegitimate daughters to the princes of his blood and faced with a European coalition which fought against his expansionist policy (War of the League of Augsburg), then thought of having him marry his niece, Elisabeth Charlotte of Orléans, who, coming to seed, could not find a husband of her rank because of the said war.. However, the king was refused by his sister-in-law, the famous Princess Palatine. The Duke married Mademoiselle de Charolais, daughter of the Prince of Condé, on May 19, 1692.. They had seven children, all without issue. For a complete biography, see http://fr. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Louis_Auguste_de_Bourbon but it is worth noting that his position as Grand Master of the Artillery is not even mentioned there. . .
Dès sa naissance, il fut pris en charge par la veuve Scarron, future marquise de Maintenon, qui s’occupait déjà de sa sœur aînée (laquelle mourut la même année). L’enfant nait infirme et boitera toute sa vie (d’où le sobriquet « Gambillard » qui lui sera attribué). Rapidement, il devint son préféré. Sa protection lui fut d’un grand secours pendant le règne de Louis XIV. Il fut légitimé en décembre 1673. En janvier 1674, il déménagea à la Cour avec ses frères et sa gouvernante.
La même année, il reçut la charge de colonel général des Suisses et Grisons. De tempérament pieux et effacé, il étudia avec beaucoup de soin. En revanche, malgré les efforts du maréchal de Luxembourg, il comprenait médiocrement la science militaire et se révéla ensuite piètre officier.
En 1681, la Grande Mademoiselle, voulant épouser son amant le duc de Lauzun, victime d’un chantage mené par Mme de Maintenon, lui céda la principauté de Dombes et le comté d’Eu. En 1682, il fut promu gouverneur du Languedoc. En 1686, il devint duc d’Aumale et chevalier de l'ordre du Saint-Esprit, la plus haute distinction de la Royauté. En 1688, il fut promu par le roi général des galères, puis lieutenant général. Il a alors 18 ans, souhaite prendre femme, mais le roi soucieux de ne pas voir ses enfants illégitimes faire souche refuse pendant un certain temps.
Le roi, son père, ayant marié ses bâtardes aux princes de son sang et face à une coalition européenne qui luttait contre sa politique expansionniste (guerre de la ligue d'Augsbourg), songea alors à lui faire épouser sa nièce, Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans, laquelle, montant en graine, ne pouvait trouver un époux de son rang à cause de ladite guerre. Cependant, le roi se heurta au refus sa belle-sœur, la célèbre princesse Palatine. Le duc épousa le 19 mai 1692 Mademoiselle de Charolais, fille du prince de Condé. Ils eurent sept enfants, tous sans postérité
pour une biographie complète, voir http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Auguste_de_Bourbon mais il est bon de noter que sa charge de Grand Maître de l’Artillerie n’y est même mentionnée...
.
Louis Auguste de Bourbon, Duke of Maine, Duke of Aumale, Prince of Dombes, Count of Eu, born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye on March 31, 1670 and died in Sceaux on May 21, 1736, is a legitimized son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan.
From birth, he was taken care of by the widow Scarron, future Marquise de Maintenon, who was already looking after his elder sister (who died the same year).. The child was born crippled and would limp for the rest of his life (hence the nickname \\\"Gamillard\\\" which was given to him).. He quickly became her favorite. His protection was of great help to him during the reign of Louis XIV. He was legitimized in December 1673. In January 1674 he moved to Court with his brothers and his governess..
In the same year, he received the position of Colonel General of the Swiss and Grisons. Of pious and self-effacing temperament, he studied with great care. On the other hand, despite the efforts of Marshal Luxembourg, he had a poor understanding of military science and subsequently proved to be a poor officer..
In 1681, the Grande Mademoiselle, wanting to marry her lover the Duke of Lauzun, victim of blackmail led by Madame de Maintenon, ceded to him the principality of Dombes and the county of Eu. In 1682 he was promoted to governor of Languedoc. In 1686, he became Duke of Aumale and Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit, the highest distinction of Royalty.. In 1688 he was promoted by the king to general of the galleys, then lieutenant general.. He was then 18 years old and wanted to take a wife, but the king, anxious not to see his illegitimate children take root, refused for a while..
The king, his father, having married his illegitimate daughters to the princes of his blood and faced with a European coalition which fought against his expansionist policy (War of the League of Augsburg), then thought of having him marry his niece, Elisabeth Charlotte of Orléans, who, coming to seed, could not find a husband of her rank because of the said war.. However, the king was refused by his sister-in-law, the famous Princess Palatine. The Duke married Mademoiselle de Charolais, daughter of the Prince of Condé, on May 19, 1692.. They had seven children, all without issue. For a complete biography, see http://fr. Wikipedia. org/wiki/Louis_Auguste_de_Bourbon but it is worth noting that his position as Grand Master of the Artillery is not even mentioned there. . .
Historical background
ARTILLERY
Before Louvois, the artillery was entrusted to civilian contractors who provided the men and equipment for each gun in battery for a given price. It came under a grand master of the artillery, a charge created under Charles VII, which belonged to Sully from 1599 to 1610 or to the Duke of Meilleraye under Richelieu. With Louvois, the artillery became an integral part of the army and was protected by the regiment of the king's riflemen. Ranks in the artillery were more accessible to commoners than in other regiments, advancement was given on merits and talents. Until the 18th century, the equipment left much to be desired with different calibers, different carriages and different wheels. The standardization and modernity of artillery will owe much to J.-B. de Gribeauval, Inspector General of Artillery since 1776. At the end of the 18th century, French artillery will be the first in Europe and this superiority will explain the victories of the Revolution.
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