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E-auction 303-222493 - fjt_505115 - CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE / CHAMBRES DE COMMERCE Chambre de commerce de Dieppe (Louis XV) 1758

CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE / CHAMBRES DE COMMERCE Chambre de commerce de Dieppe (Louis XV) AU
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NO BUYER'S FEE.
Estimate : 50 €
Price : 60 €
Maximum bid : 80 €
End of the sale : 04 February 2019 18:22:30
bidders : 6 bidders
Type : Chambre de commerce de Dieppe (Louis XV)
Date: 1758
Metal : silver
Diameter : 28,15 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 8,68 g.
Edge : cannelée
Rarity : R1
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse legend : LUD. AMATISS. ÆQUI ARBITER.
Obverse description : Buste de Louis XV à droite avec une légende très particulière.
Obverse translation : Louis le Bien-Aimé arbitre de la Justice.

Reverse


Reverse legend : LIBRATIO CELER ET AEQUA À L'EXERGUE : LES PRIEUR ET JUGES CONSULS DE DIEPPE 1758.
Reverse description : Allégorie de la Justice tenant un rameau et une balance, assise à gauche.
Reverse translation : Sa pesée est rapide et égale.

Commentary


Buste exceptionnel à la légende très particulière qui a certainement été gravé spécialement pour cette Chambre de commerce. Feuardent ne cite pas ce buste dans ses planches mais le cite dans le texte comme étant un buste varié
Les juridictions consulaires remontent à Henri II. Dans ces lieux de réunions, les marchands élisent entre eux un prieur et deux juges-consuls qui règlent en première instance les problèmes entre négociants. Les juges-consuls ou juges des tribunaux de commerce sont établis par un édit de 1563. Ils étaient souvent d’anciens consuls (officiers municipaux) d’où leur nom. Au XVIIIe siècle, les juges-consuls jugeaient souverainement jusqu’à 500 livres (au-delà, l’affaire relevait des Parlements) Les commissaires étaient hiérarchisés en Prieur, Président, Juges Consuls, assistants, et éventuellement un Procureur Syndic avec des négociants représentants chaque corps de métier.

Historical background


CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE / CHAMBRES DE COMMERCE

The first chamber of commerce was that of Marseille, created at the end of the 16th century. For Paris, the six corps of merchants and the judge-consuls had a role similar to that of a chamber of commerce: an association of merchants gathered to deliberate on the interests of their city or region and to give their opinion to the government. Colbert legalizes them in 1664 by establishing that each place of commerce will choose two of them to represent them. However, the institution was not really established until the decision of the Council of August 30, 1701, and many chambers of commerce appeared in the 18th century in Lyon, Rouen, Toulouse, Montpellier, Bordeaux, etc. The most important of them is Marseilles which had attributions in all the trade of Levant and was of the department of Foreign Affairs, the others concerned the General control of Finances. Abolished by the Constituent Assembly in 1791, the chambers of commerce were re-established under the Consulate. Since 1832, their recruitment is done by elections, they have become chambers of commerce and industry since 1898, grouped into 21 regional chambers.

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