Live auction - fme_993809 - III REPUBLIC Médaille, Hospices d’Angers
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| Estimate : | 100 € |
| Price : | 54 € |
| Maximum bid : | 100 € |
| End of the sale : | 11 February 2025 16:41:43 |
| bidders : | 2 bidders |
Type : Médaille, Hospices d’Angers
Date: (1919)
Metal : silver
Diameter : 45 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Engraver GREGOIRE René (1871-1945)
Weight : 35,9 g.
Edge : lisse + ARGENT losange + tête de sanglier
Puncheon : Losange ARGENT Tête de sanglier
Coments on the condition:
Platine hétérogène avec des traces de manipulation. Quelques tâches d’oxydation
Catalogue references :
Obverse
Obverse legend : HENRI. II. PLANTAGENET BIENFAITEUR 1179.
Obverse description : Profil à gauche du buste d’Henri II Plantagenêt dans le cloître de l’hôpital Saint-Jean. Signé : GREGOIRE.
Reverse
Reverse legend : HOSPICES D’ANGERS // SENECHAL ETIENNE FONDATEUR 1174.
Reverse description : Chapelle Sainte-Marie et cour d’honneur arborée au-dessus d’un cartouche vierge. Signature monogramme : RG.
Commentary
La médaille des hospices d’Angers présente une interprétation historique correcte du rôle des « fondateurs officiels », Henri Plantagenet et Étienne de Marçay, non sans anachronisme dans la représentation. On la doit au Saumurois René Grégoire (1871-1945), prix de Rome de gravure de médaille en 1899.
Elle figure sur l’avers un profil qui serait celui du roi Henri II Plantagenêt d’après l’inscription gravée Pas mieux inspiré par le Plantagenêt que les artistes Lenepveu et Appert (supra, fig. 4 et 5), le graveur a simplement repris en changeant le côté du profil, le buste du roi Louis XII tel qu’il figurait dans la médaille de mariage avec Anne de Bretagne offerte à Lyon en 1500 n. s.73. Ce profil était bien connu parce qu’il a été repris par Armand Caqué en 1836 pour sa 57e médaille de la série « Galerie des rois de France ». En arrière-plan, le petit cloître de l’hôpital Saint-Jean correspond à la période d’Henri Plantagenêt mais la porte au fond est celle de l’entrée de la chapelle au début du xviiie siècle.
Au revers, René Grégoire n’a pas osé figurer le « sénéchal Etienne » et l’a remplacé par une vue de la cour d’honneur de l’hôpital du xixe siècle avec la chapelle et son dôme au centre. Henri II est qualifié de « bienfaiteur, 1179 » et Étienne de « fondateur, 1174 ». Les deux qualités sont justes mais les dates reflètent partiellement la recherche historique. 1174 correspond à ce qui était considéré comme l’entrée en fonction du sénéchal par la majorité des historiens du xixe siècle74. On savait pourtant qu’il était déjà en place en 1168. En revanche l’année 1179 est issue non pas d’anciennes études historiques mais de la fourchette haute des dates des dons d’Henri II publiés par Léopold Delisle75 dans son Recueil des actes d’Henri II et reprises par le chanoine Urseau en 192276.
On ne connait ni l’origine de cette commande ni l’auteur des inscriptions qu’a reproduit le graveur. Il est probable que le chanoine Charles Urseau qui venait d’être nommé, en 1917, conservateur du musée d’Antiquités Saint-Jean et donc tout proche de l’hôpital du xixe siècle, n’a pas manqué d’être sollicité..
The medal of the hospices of Angers presents a correct historical interpretation of the role of the \\\"official founders\\\", Henry Plantagenet and Stephen of Marçay, not without anachronism in the representation. We owe it to René Grégoire (1871-1945) from Saumur, winner of the Prix de Rome for medal engraving in 1899..
On the obverse, it features a profile which would be that of King Henry II Plantagenet according to the engraved inscription No better inspired by the Plantagenet than the artists Lenepveu and Appert (supra, fig. 4 and 5), the engraver simply took up, by changing the side of the profile, the bust of King Louis XII as it appeared in the marriage medal with Anne of Brittany offered in Lyon in 1500 n. s. 73. This profile was well known because it was taken up by Armand Caqué in 1836 for his 57th medal in the series “Gallery of the Kings of France”. In the background, the small cloister of the Saint-Jean hospital corresponds to the period of Henry Plantagenet but the door in the background is that of the entrance to the chapel at the beginning of the 18th century.
On the reverse, René Grégoire did not dare to include the \\\"seneschal Etienne\\\" and replaced it with a view of the main courtyard of the 19th century hospital with the chapel and its dome in the center.. Henry II is described as \\\"benefactor, 1179\\\" and Stephen as \\\"founder, 1174\\\". Both qualities are correct but the dates partially reflect historical research. 1174 corresponds to what was considered to be the entry into office of the seneschal by the majority of 19th century historians74. However, we knew that it was already in place in 1168.. On the other hand, the year 1179 comes not from old historical studies but from the upper range of dates of donations from Henri II published by Léopold Delisle75 in his Collection of Acts of Henri II and taken up by Canon Urseau in 192276.
We do not know the origin of this order nor the author of the inscriptions reproduced by the engraver.. It is likely that Canon Charles Urseau, who had just been appointed curator of the Saint-Jean Museum of Antiquities in 1917 and was therefore very close to the 19th century hospital, was not without being asked.
Elle figure sur l’avers un profil qui serait celui du roi Henri II Plantagenêt d’après l’inscription gravée Pas mieux inspiré par le Plantagenêt que les artistes Lenepveu et Appert (supra, fig. 4 et 5), le graveur a simplement repris en changeant le côté du profil, le buste du roi Louis XII tel qu’il figurait dans la médaille de mariage avec Anne de Bretagne offerte à Lyon en 1500 n. s.73. Ce profil était bien connu parce qu’il a été repris par Armand Caqué en 1836 pour sa 57e médaille de la série « Galerie des rois de France ». En arrière-plan, le petit cloître de l’hôpital Saint-Jean correspond à la période d’Henri Plantagenêt mais la porte au fond est celle de l’entrée de la chapelle au début du xviiie siècle.
Au revers, René Grégoire n’a pas osé figurer le « sénéchal Etienne » et l’a remplacé par une vue de la cour d’honneur de l’hôpital du xixe siècle avec la chapelle et son dôme au centre. Henri II est qualifié de « bienfaiteur, 1179 » et Étienne de « fondateur, 1174 ». Les deux qualités sont justes mais les dates reflètent partiellement la recherche historique. 1174 correspond à ce qui était considéré comme l’entrée en fonction du sénéchal par la majorité des historiens du xixe siècle74. On savait pourtant qu’il était déjà en place en 1168. En revanche l’année 1179 est issue non pas d’anciennes études historiques mais de la fourchette haute des dates des dons d’Henri II publiés par Léopold Delisle75 dans son Recueil des actes d’Henri II et reprises par le chanoine Urseau en 192276.
On ne connait ni l’origine de cette commande ni l’auteur des inscriptions qu’a reproduit le graveur. Il est probable que le chanoine Charles Urseau qui venait d’être nommé, en 1917, conservateur du musée d’Antiquités Saint-Jean et donc tout proche de l’hôpital du xixe siècle, n’a pas manqué d’être sollicité..
The medal of the hospices of Angers presents a correct historical interpretation of the role of the \\\"official founders\\\", Henry Plantagenet and Stephen of Marçay, not without anachronism in the representation. We owe it to René Grégoire (1871-1945) from Saumur, winner of the Prix de Rome for medal engraving in 1899..
On the obverse, it features a profile which would be that of King Henry II Plantagenet according to the engraved inscription No better inspired by the Plantagenet than the artists Lenepveu and Appert (supra, fig. 4 and 5), the engraver simply took up, by changing the side of the profile, the bust of King Louis XII as it appeared in the marriage medal with Anne of Brittany offered in Lyon in 1500 n. s. 73. This profile was well known because it was taken up by Armand Caqué in 1836 for his 57th medal in the series “Gallery of the Kings of France”. In the background, the small cloister of the Saint-Jean hospital corresponds to the period of Henry Plantagenet but the door in the background is that of the entrance to the chapel at the beginning of the 18th century.
On the reverse, René Grégoire did not dare to include the \\\"seneschal Etienne\\\" and replaced it with a view of the main courtyard of the 19th century hospital with the chapel and its dome in the center.. Henry II is described as \\\"benefactor, 1179\\\" and Stephen as \\\"founder, 1174\\\". Both qualities are correct but the dates partially reflect historical research. 1174 corresponds to what was considered to be the entry into office of the seneschal by the majority of 19th century historians74. However, we knew that it was already in place in 1168.. On the other hand, the year 1179 comes not from old historical studies but from the upper range of dates of donations from Henri II published by Léopold Delisle75 in his Collection of Acts of Henri II and taken up by Canon Urseau in 192276.
We do not know the origin of this order nor the author of the inscriptions reproduced by the engraver.. It is likely that Canon Charles Urseau, who had just been appointed curator of the Saint-Jean Museum of Antiquities in 1917 and was therefore very close to the 19th century hospital, was not without being asked.
Historical background
III REPUBLIC
(4/09/1870-10/07/1940)
The news of the capitulation of Sedan provokes the revolution of September 4, 1870 in Paris. Proclaimed at the Hôtel de Ville, the Republic is endowed with a provisional government called the Government of National Defense. Threatened on the left by the insurrection of the Commune and on the right by the monarchists, the new regime had a difficult start.. Initially head of the executive power (February 1871), Thiers was responsible for reorganizing the country before choosing its form of government.. He became President of the Republic in August 1871 and, despite his action to liberate the territory, had to leave his post in March 1873 in the face of royalist opposition.. He is then replaced by Mac-Mahon favorable to the restoration of the monarchy but this one is not restored following the question of the flag. The law of the septennat was then put in place in November 1873 and then, in 1875, the fundamental laws were passed which served as the Constitution of the Third Republic.. Parliamentary system, it is characterized in particular by the clear preponderance of the legislative power on the executive power. Anticlerical, the Third Republic makes school free, secular and compulsory but continues the colonial policy for its economic, strategic and moral ambitions. Separation of Church and State was passed in 1905.. The idea of revenge on Germany and significant nationalism are at the heart of the Boulangist crisis, the Panama scandal or the Dreyfus affair of the years 1886-1899, while foreign policy is very active, particularly in Morocco and that the arms race develops. The First World War was expensive for France, which only recovered from 1920 or even 1928 for the coin with the "Poincaré" franc.. The crisis of 1929 is felt only from 1932 but lasts until 1939, a period during which ministerial instability is very important. Wavering in 1934, the Third Republic found a new unitary cement with anti-fascism which enabled the Popular Front to come to power in 1936.. But, paralyzed against Germany, France was then bogged down in a "phony war" and then suffered one of the greatest defeats in its history in June 1940.. Gathered in the National Assembly in Vichy on July 10, 1940, the Chambers, although elected in 1936, voted full powers to Pétain in a sort of collective suicide by 569 votes for, 80 votes against and 18 abstentions..
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