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E-auction 455-367354 - fme_480914 - SECOND EMPIRE Médaille, inauguration du chemin de fer de Cherbourg et du grand bassin Napoléon III

SECOND EMPIRE Médaille, inauguration du chemin de fer de Cherbourg et du grand bassin Napoléon III AU
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NO BUYER'S FEE.
Estimate : 45 €
Price : 21 €
Maximum bid : 23 €
End of the sale : 03 January 2022 18:23:30
bidders : 3 bidders
Type : Médaille, inauguration du chemin de fer de Cherbourg et du grand bassin Napoléon III
Date: 1858
Metal : gilt brass
Diameter : 23 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Weight : 3,96 g.
Edge : lisse
Puncheon : sans poinçon
Coments on the condition:
Bélière coupé. Restes de métal sur la tranche. Patine hétérogène avec des restes de brillant et des taches
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse legend : EUGÉNIE IMPERATRICE * NAPOLÉON III EMPEREUR // À L’EXERGUE : ROBINEAU R. S. LOUIS.
Obverse description : Leurs têtes nues accolées à gauche; signé : CAQUE. F..

Reverse


Reverse legend : * INAUGURATION DU CHIN DE FER DE CHERBOURG ET DU GD BASSIN NAPOLÉON III.
Reverse description : Légende circulaire. En quinze lignes dans le champ : PAR/ S. M. L’EMPEREUR/ EN PRÉSENCE DE LL. MM./ L’IMPÉRATRICE/ ET LA REINE D’ANGLETERRE/ DES SOUVERAINS/ ET PRINCES ALLIÉS/ DES GRANDS DIGNITAIRES/ DE L’EMPIRE/ ET DES AUTORITÉS RELIGIEUSES/ CIVILES ET MILITAIRES/ DE LA VILLE/ DE CHERBOURG/ 4, 5, 6, 7 AOUT/ 1858.

Commentary


Les travaux de la base navale de Cherbourg débutent sous Louis XVI. Bonaparte décide en 1802 de la construction d’un port de guerre inauguré en 1813 et appelé “port Napoléon”. Sous Charles X, un second bassin est inauguré en 1829. En 1864, un troisième bassin est achevé, le bassin Napoléon III, inauguré en présence de l’Emprereur et de la reine Victoria. La rade achevée est ceinte de 3712 mètres de digues défendues par trois forts et couvre une surface de 1500 hectares. Un réseau de voies ferrées dessert les ateliers du port qui est relié à Paris.

Historical background


SECOND EMPIRE

(02/12/1852-04/09/1870)

Proclaimed Emperor under the name of Napoleon III, Louis Napoleon made his solemn entry into Paris on December 2, 1852.. He married Eugénie Marie de Montijo, a Spanish aristocrat, in January 1853. His reign can be divided into three periods: the authoritarian Empire until 1860; the Liberal Empire from 1860 to 1870 then the Parliamentary Empire in 1870. During the authoritarian Empire, Napoleon III exercised his power without sharing, controlled the press while the newspapers practiced self-censorship to avoid their suppression.. The prefects exercise unlimited power in the departments, the mayors, the civil servants are appointed by the government. As under the First Empire, Education and the University are monitored. Maintaining the main principles of the revolution, the sovereignty of the people is continued thanks to the consultation by plebiscite. On the economic level, the boom is important, industrialization develops as well as credit organizations and department stores. Military prestige is increased by the Crimean War which allows France to play an international role. The attack of Orsini (January 1858) does not prevent France from intervening in Italy to make triumph the principle of nationalities and allows the attachment of Nice and Savoy by the treaty of Turin (March 1860). From 1860, the Empire moved towards more freedoms: free trade treaty with England, appearance of a weak opposition in the Legislative Body, granting of the right to strike (1864), liberalization of the press (1868). On the international level, France acquires New Caledonia, Cochinchina and encourages the digging of the Suez Canal by Ferdinand de Lesseps. In Mexico, however, support for Maximilian and Austria was a failure. The 1869 elections were very bad for the regime and the opposition obtained 45% of the votes. The regime then evolved towards a parliamentary Empire by calling Émile Ollivier, leader of the Orléanist and liberal party, to power. After Sadowa in 1866 when Prussia crushed Austria, the affair of the throne of Spain and the dispatch from Ems led to the war which was declared on July 19, 1870. Accumulating setbacks, the French army was surrounded in Metz then Napoleon III, ill, capitulated at Sedan on September 2. As soon as the news was known, the decline of the Empire was announced by Gambetta, then the Republic was proclaimed on September 4.. Napoleon III was then taken captive to Hesse and then left for Kent where he died in 1873..

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