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fme_446742 - SECOND EMPIRE Médaille de la Société pour l’extinction de la petite vérole

SECOND EMPIRE Médaille de la Société pour l’extinction de la petite vérole AU
Not available.
Item sold on our e-shop (2018)
Price : 60.00 €
Type : Médaille de la Société pour l’extinction de la petite vérole
Date: 1858
Mint name / Town : 27 - La Ferrière-sur-Risle
Metal : silver
Diameter : 36,4 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Engraver ANDRIEU Jean-Bertrand (1761-1822)
Weight : 38 g.
Edge : lisse
Coments on the condition:
Très belle médaille avec une très faible usure et une fine patine grise

Obverse


Obverse legend : LA VACCINE / MDCCCLV.
Obverse description : Esculape prenant sous sa protection la Vénus de Médicis dont le bras gauche est entouré d’un bandage ; de part et d’autre dans le champ, une vache et une lancette avec un tube de vaccin.

Reverse


Reverse legend : M. DANZET/ OFFICIER SANTÉ/ À LA FERRIÈRE/ SUR RISLE/1858.
Reverse description : Légende manuscrite en 5 lignes dans une couronne de lauriers.

Commentary


Ce revers est une réutilisation d’une médaille de Napoléon Ier, datée de 1804. Ce type est donc utilisé pour Napoléon Ier, Louis XVIII, probablement Chales X et aussi Louis-Philippe. Sous la seconde République et sous le Second Empire, ce type de revers est encore utilisé en guise de droit associé à un revers du Ministère de l’Agriculture et du Commerce ou encore du Ministère de l’Agriculture du Commerce et des Travaux Publics.
La vaccine, communément appelée « variole de la vache », est une maladie infectieuse des bovidés (Cowpox) et des équidés (Horsepox).
Le 11 mai 1800 naît le Comité central de vaccine. Dès 1804, Napoléon fonde la Société pour l’extinction de la petite vérole par la propagation de la vaccine..

Historical background


SECOND EMPIRE

(02/12/1852-04/09/1870)

Proclaimed Emperor under the name of Napoleon III, Louis Napoleon made his solemn entry into Paris on December 2, 1852.. He married Eugénie Marie de Montijo, a Spanish aristocrat, in January 1853. His reign can be divided into three periods: the authoritarian Empire until 1860; the Liberal Empire from 1860 to 1870 then the Parliamentary Empire in 1870. During the authoritarian Empire, Napoleon III exercised his power without sharing, controlled the press while the newspapers practiced self-censorship to avoid their suppression.. The prefects exercise unlimited power in the departments, the mayors, the civil servants are appointed by the government. As under the First Empire, Education and the University are monitored. Maintaining the main principles of the revolution, the sovereignty of the people is continued thanks to the consultation by plebiscite. On the economic level, the boom is important, industrialization develops as well as credit organizations and department stores. Military prestige is increased by the Crimean War which allows France to play an international role. The attack of Orsini (January 1858) does not prevent France from intervening in Italy to make triumph the principle of nationalities and allows the attachment of Nice and Savoy by the treaty of Turin (March 1860). From 1860, the Empire moved towards more freedoms: free trade treaty with England, appearance of a weak opposition in the Legislative Body, granting of the right to strike (1864), liberalization of the press (1868). On the international level, France acquires New Caledonia, Cochinchina and encourages the digging of the Suez Canal by Ferdinand de Lesseps. In Mexico, however, support for Maximilian and Austria was a failure. The 1869 elections were very bad for the regime and the opposition obtained 45% of the votes. The regime then evolved towards a parliamentary Empire by calling Émile Ollivier, leader of the Orléanist and liberal party, to power. After Sadowa in 1866 when Prussia crushed Austria, the affair of the throne of Spain and the dispatch from Ems led to the war which was declared on July 19, 1870. Accumulating setbacks, the French army was surrounded in Metz then Napoleon III, ill, capitulated at Sedan on September 2. As soon as the news was known, the decline of the Empire was announced by Gambetta, then the Republic was proclaimed on September 4.. Napoleon III was then taken captive to Hesse and then left for Kent where he died in 1873..

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