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E-auction 428-340066 - fme_447188 - III REPUBLIC Médaille, Centenaire de 1789

III REPUBLIC Médaille, Centenaire de 1789 AU
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NO BUYER'S FEE.
Estimate : 60 €
Price : 41 €
Maximum bid : 45 €
End of the sale : 28 June 2021 18:55:30
bidders : 4 bidders
Type : Médaille, Centenaire de 1789
Date: 1889
Mint name / Town : 75 - Paris
Metal : bronze
Diameter : 33 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Engraver BARRE
Weight : 15 g.
Edge : lisse
Coments on the condition:
Médaille de qualité avec une fine patine rougeâtre

Obverse


Obverse legend : RÉPUBLIQUE - FRANÇAISE.
Obverse description : Tête à gauche de la république portant dans les cheveux un ruban marqué SUFFRAGE UNIVERSEL, signé BARRE .

Reverse


Reverse legend : RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE - EXPOSITION UNIVERSELLE / CENTENAIRE 1789.
Reverse description : Légende circulaire ; dans une couronne de chêne et d'olivier sous une étoile rayonnante.

Commentary


Le poinçon se trouve à l’exergue du droit et non sur la tranche.
Les expositions universelles ont été créées pour présenter les réalisations industrielles des différentes nations. Elles représentaient la vitrine technologique et industrielle des participants, témoignant du progrès au cours de la révolution industrielle. La première exposition universelle s'est déroulée à Londres en 1851.
À l'origine, chaque pays disposait d'un espace réservé dans un pavillon central. À partir de 1867, des pavillons nationaux firent leur apparition. En principe, ils étaient attribués seulement s'il y avait des choses à présenter que le pavillon central ne pouvait accueillir. Ils ne tardèrent pas à se généraliser, les nations exposantes construisant des pavillons typiques de l'architecture de leurs pays.
La compétition était omniprésente dans les expositions universelles, et des concours permettaient aux plus méritants d'obtenir des médailles bénéficiant d'un certain prestige.
De nombreuses réalisations architecturales construites à l'occasion d'expositions universelles sont devenues par la suite des symboles des villes qui les ont abritées : la tour Eiffel à Paris, l'Atomium à Bruxelles, le Space Needle à Seattle, la Biosphère à Montréal.
Enfin, la tenue des expositions universelles a toujours été l'occasion de mettre en place des projets d'urbanisme : construction du métro de Paris en 1900 ou celui de Montréal en 1967, extension du métro de Lisbonne en 1998…
Voir http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposition_universelle .

Historical background


III REPUBLIC

(4/09/1870-10/07/1940)

The news of the capitulation of Sedan provokes the revolution of September 4, 1870 in Paris. Proclaimed at the Hôtel de Ville, the Republic is endowed with a provisional government called the Government of National Defense. Threatened on the left by the insurrection of the Commune and on the right by the monarchists, the new regime had a difficult start.. Initially head of the executive power (February 1871), Thiers was responsible for reorganizing the country before choosing its form of government.. He became President of the Republic in August 1871 and, despite his action to liberate the territory, had to leave his post in March 1873 in the face of royalist opposition.. He is then replaced by Mac-Mahon favorable to the restoration of the monarchy but this one is not restored following the question of the flag. The law of the septennat was then put in place in November 1873 and then, in 1875, the fundamental laws were passed which served as the Constitution of the Third Republic.. Parliamentary system, it is characterized in particular by the clear preponderance of the legislative power on the executive power. Anticlerical, the Third Republic makes school free, secular and compulsory but continues the colonial policy for its economic, strategic and moral ambitions. Separation of Church and State was passed in 1905.. The idea of revenge on Germany and significant nationalism are at the heart of the Boulangist crisis, the Panama scandal or the Dreyfus affair of the years 1886-1899, while foreign policy is very active, particularly in Morocco and that the arms race develops. The First World War was expensive for France, which only recovered from 1920 or even 1928 for the coin with the "Poincaré" franc.. The crisis of 1929 is felt only from 1932 but lasts until 1939, a period during which ministerial instability is very important. Wavering in 1934, the Third Republic found a new unitary cement with anti-fascism which enabled the Popular Front to come to power in 1936.. But, paralyzed against Germany, France was then bogged down in a "phony war" and then suffered one of the greatest defeats in its history in June 1940.. Gathered in the National Assembly in Vichy on July 10, 1940, the Chambers, although elected in 1936, voted full powers to Pétain in a sort of collective suicide by 569 votes for, 80 votes against and 18 abstentions..

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