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E-auction 515-429076 - fme_442022 - III REPUBLIC Médaille, Cardinal Bonnechose

III REPUBLIC Médaille, Cardinal Bonnechose AU
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NO BUYER'S FEE.
Estimate : 120 €
Price : 27 €
Maximum bid : 29 €
End of the sale : 27 February 2023 20:38:00
bidders : 5 bidders
Type : Médaille, Cardinal Bonnechose
Date: 1893
Mint name / Town : 76 - Rouen
Metal : bronze
Diameter : 70,5 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Engraver DUPUIS Daniel (1849-1899)
Weight : 164,7 g.
Edge : lisse + corne BRONZE
Puncheon : corne BRONZE
Coments on the condition:
Superbe médaille avec une patine brune. Des marques d’usure sur les reliefs

Obverse


Obverse legend : EMINENTISS. .H M. G. DE BONNECHOSE. S. R. G. CARDINALI..
Obverse description : Buste à gauche du cardinal Bonnechose.

Reverse


Reverse legend : ROTOMACI / IN / ECCLESIA / METROPOL - CLERUS/ POPULUSQ / MEMORES / POSUERE // XXIII MARTII MDCCCXCIII.
Reverse description : Monument funéraire du cardinal de Bonnechose avec une représentation de la France chrétienne sur les marches.

Commentary


Henri-Marie-Gaston Boisnormand de Bonnechose, né à Paris le 30 mai 1800, mort à Rouen le 28 octobre 1883, est un homme d'Église français, archevêque de Rouen et cardinal.
Dès 1883, ce droit de Daniel Dupuis est utilisé pour une médaille du cardinal Bonnechose, associé à un revers avec ses armoiries.

En 1883, il se rend une dernière fois à Rome, mais, pris d'un malaise le 16 octobre à la gare Saint-Lazare, il meurt le 28 octobre suivant. Ses obsèques sont célébrées le 6 novembre ; c'était la dernière fois qu'un cardinal français recevait l'hommage des pouvoirs publics. Mgr Besson, évêque de Nîmes, prononce une oraison funèbre à Rouen le 13 décembre.
Mgr de Bonnechose avait demandé à être représenté à genoux, tourné vers le maître-autel de la chapelle Saint-Pierre-Saint-Paul où sa sépulture devait se trouver. L'œuvre est celle du sculpteur Henri Chapu. Il réalise une maquette à la fin 1889 qu'il expédie à Carrare. Il meurt sans pouvoir achever la traîne de la cappa magna. La statue est exposée au Salon de 1891 puis est mise en place. Le monument, dont le piédestal est l'œuvre d'Edmond Bonet, est inauguré le 23 mars 1893. Assise sur le socle, une grande statue de bronze, réalisation de Carlus, représentait la «France chrétienne». Après guerre, seul l’orant de marbre blanc a été conservé et placé à l'entrée de la chapelle de la Vierge..

Historical background


III REPUBLIC

(4/09/1870-10/07/1940)

The news of the capitulation of Sedan provokes the revolution of September 4, 1870 in Paris. Proclaimed at the Hôtel de Ville, the Republic is endowed with a provisional government called the Government of National Defense. Threatened on the left by the insurrection of the Commune and on the right by the monarchists, the new regime had a difficult start.. Initially head of the executive power (February 1871), Thiers was responsible for reorganizing the country before choosing its form of government.. He became President of the Republic in August 1871 and, despite his action to liberate the territory, had to leave his post in March 1873 in the face of royalist opposition.. He is then replaced by Mac-Mahon favorable to the restoration of the monarchy but this one is not restored following the question of the flag. The law of the septennat was then put in place in November 1873 and then, in 1875, the fundamental laws were passed which served as the Constitution of the Third Republic.. Parliamentary system, it is characterized in particular by the clear preponderance of the legislative power on the executive power. Anticlerical, the Third Republic makes school free, secular and compulsory but continues the colonial policy for its economic, strategic and moral ambitions. Separation of Church and State was passed in 1905.. The idea of revenge on Germany and significant nationalism are at the heart of the Boulangist crisis, the Panama scandal or the Dreyfus affair of the years 1886-1899, while foreign policy is very active, particularly in Morocco and that the arms race develops. The First World War was expensive for France, which only recovered from 1920 or even 1928 for the coin with the "Poincaré" franc.. The crisis of 1929 is felt only from 1932 but lasts until 1939, a period during which ministerial instability is very important. Wavering in 1934, the Third Republic found a new unitary cement with anti-fascism which enabled the Popular Front to come to power in 1936.. But, paralyzed against Germany, France was then bogged down in a "phony war" and then suffered one of the greatest defeats in its history in June 1940.. Gathered in the National Assembly in Vichy on July 10, 1940, the Chambers, although elected in 1936, voted full powers to Pétain in a sort of collective suicide by 569 votes for, 80 votes against and 18 abstentions..

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