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Live starting : Type : Écu d'or à la chaise
Date: 22/09/1351
Date: s.m.
Mint name / Town : Calais
Metal : gold
Millesimal fineness : 750 ‰
Diameter : 29 mm
Orientation dies : 4 h.
Weight : 4,40 g.
Rarity : R3
Coments on the condition:
Cet écu d’or est frappé sur un flan assez large et irrégulier. Monnaie présentant un fort tréflage au droit comme au revers ainsi que quelques faiblesses de frappe
Catalogue references :
Obverse
Obverse legend : + EDVVARDVS: DEI - X - XG[R]AX - AGL: FRANCIE: REX.
Obverse description : Édouard III assis dans une stalle gothique, couronné, vêtu du haubert et de la cotte d'armes, tenant de la main droite l'épée levée et de la gauche l'écu de France aux lis sans nombre, dans un polylobe cantonné de petits trèfles et de points.
Obverse translation : (Édouard, par la grâce de Dieu, roi des Francs et des Anglais).
Reverse
Reverse legend : + XP (TRÈFLE) C: VINCI[T: XP’]C: REGNAT: XP’C: IMPERAT.
Reverse description : Croix quadrilobée et fleuronnée, dans un quadrilobe orné de feuilles et cantonné de quatre trèfles sans queue.
Reverse translation : (Le Christ vainc, le Christ règne, le Christ commande).
Commentary
Monnaie rarissime pour Édouard III en tant que roi de France.
Historical background
EDWARD III
(07/10/1337-08/05/1360)
Edward (1312-1377), eldest son of Edward II and Isabella of France, follows his mother when she rebels against her husband. When Edward II is overthrown, Edward III, who had already been Duke of Aquitaine since 1317, becomes King of England. He marries Philippa de Hainaut (+1369), the daughter of the count of Hainaut, Guillaume. After the death of Charles IV le Bel, his cousin, he paid homage to Philippe VI de Valois for Aquitaine. In 1330, in England, he executed Mortimer, his minister and his mother's lover. He forces his mother to retire (+1358). Pushed by his cousin Robert d'Artois, he broke the homage for Aquitaine. The Hundred Years War began in 1337. The French were beaten at the Lock in 1340, then at Crécy in 1346. He took Calais after a long siege (the famous bourgeois). England was hit by the Great Plague in 1348. After the death of Philip VI, he continued the fight against John II, defeated him at Poitiers and took him prisoner.
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