bgr_1061516 - EGYPT - NECTANEBO II Unité

EGYPT - NECTANEBO II

(361-343 BC)

Nekht-her-hebet or Nectanebo II for the Greeks is the last independent ruler of pharaonic Egypt belonging to the XXXth dynasty. Nectanebo II succeeds Teos, the son of Nectanebo I. Thanks to the support of Agesilaus, king of Sparta, Nectanebo was proclaimed king at the instigation of Tjahepimou, brother of Teos and father of the new pharaoh. The new monarch must face a revolt of the nome of Mendès, favorable to the sovereigns of the XXIXth dynasty. Nectanebo II overcomes the revolt, but very quickly the new Achaemenid sovereign, Artaxerxes III Ochos, from 351 BC embarks on a first campaign before reconquering Egypt in 344-343 BC. with an army of 300,000 men and 300 triremes. The Persian monarch invaded the delta and reached Memphis, which Nectanebo II had to evacuate. He found refuge in Upper Egypt where he reigned until 343 BC..