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fjt_129256 - CORPORATIONS Troisième corps des marchands, les merciers, tailleurs de draps, ouvriers en draps d’or, d’argent et de soie 1704

CORPORATIONS Troisième corps des marchands, les merciers, tailleurs de draps, ouvriers en draps d’or, d’argent et de soie VF
280.00 €(Approx. 302.40$ | 240.80£)
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Type : Troisième corps des marchands, les merciers, tailleurs de draps, ouvriers en draps d’or, d’argent et de soie
Date: 1704
Metal : silver
Diameter : 29,5 mm
Orientation dies : 6 h.
Weight : 7,36 g.
Rarity : R2
Catalogue references :

Obverse


Obverse legend : LUDOVICUS - MAGNUS REX..
Obverse description : Buste drapé de Louis XIV à droite, signé TB en monogramme, type Guéant Prieur 462E.
Obverse translation : Louis le Grand, Roi.

Reverse


Reverse legend : TE. TOTO. ORBE. SEQVEMVR .; À L'EXERGUE : LES. MARCHANDS. MERCIERS. 1704.
Reverse description : Les trois navires des merciers sous le soleil.
Reverse translation : Nous te suivrons dans le monde entier.

Commentary


Réputé le plus noble et le plus excellent, le troisième corps des marchands, les merciers, étaient des marchands proprement dits ; ils n'avaient pas de fabriques, tout au plus ajoutaient-ils quelques façons dernières aux marchandises qu'ils mettaient en vente. Ce sont des merciers que l'on trouve engagés dans les grandes et fameuses entreprises de navigation aux Indes qui ont marqué aux XVIe et au XVIIe siècles. Les trois navires rappellent l’appartenance des merciers au troisième corps des marchands. Ce jeton fait partie de la série des Corporations.

Historical background


CORPORATIONS

In Rome, groups of artisans already existed: forming a college placed under the protection of a divinity, with a common house and fund. In medieval Europe, probably from religious brotherhoods, economic groups were formed between merchants called hanse or ghilde.. With the development of trade, craftsmen organized themselves into trade bodies or communities which brought together all those who practiced the same profession: masters, journeymen or apprentices.. To enter the body, you had to "swear" the profession. Alongside, there were free professions that could be practiced by all.. Each corps was headed by a collegial management responsible for enforcing the regulations of the trade, protecting the trade from competition and directing the mutual benefit society.. At the end of the 17th century, the king began to sell the functions of jurors and corporate trustees as hereditary offices, which led to serious financial difficulties at a time when the corporations no longer met the new economic requirements of the development of industry and business concentration. It is also in England that the corporations disappeared spontaneously because of the industrial revolution.. The corporations will be abolished in France in 1791 by the Constituent Assembly.

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