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E-auction 326-242287 - fme_367463 - CONSULATE Médaille de reconnaissance au premier consul

CONSULATE Médaille de reconnaissance au premier consul XF
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NO BUYER'S FEE.
Estimate : 140 €
Price : 34 €
Maximum bid : 42 €
End of the sale : 15 July 2019 18:11:00
bidders : 4 bidders
Type : Médaille de reconnaissance au premier consul
Date: 1803
Mint name / Town : 59 - Lille
Metal : bronze
Diameter : 50 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Engraver H. AUGUSTE
Weight : 59 g.
Edge : lisse
Puncheon : sans poinçon
Coments on the condition:
Médaille intéressante et en assez bel état malgré de nombreuses traces de circulation

Obverse


Obverse legend : BONAPARTE PREMIER CONSUL DE LA RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE.
Obverse description : Buste de Napoléon Bonaparte à gauche ; légende autour.

Reverse


Reverse legend : LA VILLE DE LILLE AU PREMIER CONSUL // AMOUR, / FIDÉLITÉ, / RECONNOISSANCE //ARRÊTÉ DU CONSEIL / MUNICIPAL DU XIX / GEMRINAL AN XI / 9 AVRIL 1803.
Reverse description : Légende en huit ligne, l’une courbe, trois horizontales et quatre à l’exergue.

Commentary


Créée le 2 mai 1483, la « confrérie des canonniers et couleuvriniers » de Lille est alors appelée confrérie de sainte Barbe. Elle participe dès lors à la défense de la ville avec les armes de l'artillerie. Ainsi, lorsque Louis XIV fait le siège de la ville, les Canonniers le combattent. Pour récompenser leur courage, et leur habileté, Louis XIV leur garantit le maintien de leurs privilèges, et leur octroie deux canons d'honneur.

En 1708, les canonniers participent, aux côtés des troupes françaises, à la défense de la ville lors du siège de 1708. Le Canonnier maitre charron Jacques Boutry s'illustre par son ingéniosité pour réparer la porte d'eau, charnière de la défense lilloise. Il est récompensé par le maréchal de Boufflers qui l'anoblit.
Le siège de 1792, est le fait d'armes plus marquant de l'histoire des Canonniers. La confrérie de Sainte-Barbe a été dissoute, mais les confrères se sont tous engagés volontaires et servent dans le même bataillon "Égalité". La résistance des Lillois est héroïque. Les Canonniers n'ont pas quitté les remparts de tout le siège, y compris le capitaine Charlemagne Ovigneur qui apprend que sa maison et ses ateliers brûlent, et que sa femme accouche la même nuit.
Napoléon Bonaparte rend hommage à cette résistance et c'est en tant que consul qu'il reforme un bataillon distinct de la garde nationale le 31 août 1803, le bataillon des canonniers sédentaires de Lille. Il leur offre deux canons Gribeauval, présentés au musée des canonniers, l'Hôtel qu'ils occupent toujours, et remet au capitaine Ovigneur, la Légion d'honneur..

Historical background


CONSULATE

(9-10/11/1799-18/05/1804)

Supported by supporters of a strong power, Napoleon Bonaparte, victorious general in the Italian and Egyptian campaigns, overthrew the Directory on 18 and 19 brumaire year VIII (9 and 10 November 1799). The Revolution is over, the destiny of France now rests in the hands of a strong executive. A new constitution, the Constitution of Year VIII, comes into force in December. It defines the powers and reinforces Bonaparte in his role as strong man of the country: First Consul, at the head of the executive, he appoints to the main public functions, holds a certain power of initiative in legislative matters, and retains his role military. The Senate, the Tribunate and the Legislative Body compose three assemblies which possess the other part of the legislative function.. On November 11, 1799, Bonaparte took an important decision: he appointed Gaudin Minister of Finance. This one will keep his post until April 1, 1814, and will find it again during the Hundred Days. Restoring the finances of the State is the number one priority of the First Consul. Thus, the Banque de France was created on February 18, 1800. With the help of the Sinking Fund, the budget of France is restored in 1802. And in 1803, as part of the great monetary reform, the Franc, a guarantee of stability, was reborn, under the name of Franc germinal. Bonaparte's second priority is the internal pacification of the country undermined by the divisions born of the Revolution. To reconcile the French, several measures were adopted: freedom of worship, end of the sale of national property, amnesty for emigrants. Only the West of France remains unsubdued. Insurgencies and robberies enliven this part of the territory and compromise the hopes of the First Consul, despite the signing of a truce with the Chouan chiefs in November 1799. However, with the support of the clergy, the Vendée was pacified during 1800. The religious framework is then definitively inscribed as the main element of the stabilization of society.. Negotiations with Pope Pius VII lead to the signing of the Concordat of 1801. Sixty bishops, appointed by Bonaparte, and invested by the Pope, then settled throughout the territory. Catholic priests, also named, are now civil servants. Many dissenters rallied, others continued to stir up trouble, mainly in Brittany and Normandy, where the Royalists, aided by England, awaited the arrival of Louis XVIII.. Outside, another challenge awaits Bonaparte: to restore peace. The Austrians were defeated at Marengo on June 14, 1800, then at Hohenlinden on December 3, 1800. The Peace of Lunéville was signed on February 9, 1801.. On March 25, 1802, the Peace of Amiens was signed with the English.. In 1802, the Consulate took a new direction, more authoritarian. The Jacobins are excluded from political life (the most virulent are arrested by Fouché, Prefect of Police), the press is controlled, and the Royalists hunted down. It is in this context that the Constitution of Year X was adopted: it considerably reduced the powers of the assemblies, and named Napoleon Bonaparte Consul for life.. The foundations of the first Empire are in place.

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