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E-auction 572-518017 - SECOND EMPIRE Médaille, Visite de Napoléon III à Victoria

SECOND EMPIRE Médaille, Visite de Napoléon III à Victoria AU
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2024/04/01 17:35:00
fme_501067
572
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Type : Médaille, Visite de Napoléon III à Victoria
Date: 1855
Mint name / Town : France et Angleterre
Metal : tin
Diameter : 38,5 mm
Orientation dies : 12 h.
Engraver ALLEN & MOORE - Birmingham
Weight : 15,96 g.
Edge : lisse
Puncheon : sans poinçon
Coments on the condition:
Patine hétérogène avec des restes de brillant de frappe. Usure sur les points hauts des motifs

Obverse


Obverse legend : NAPOLÉON - VICTORIA.
Obverse description : Une Victoire ailée soutenant deux médaillons avec les têtes affrontées de Napoléon III et de la reine Victoria ; au-dessous, un écu avec l’aigle impérial et un autre aux armes anglaises.

Reverse


Reverse legend : THE VISIT OF THE EMPEROR NAPOLÉON III TO QUEEN VICTORIA I - APRIL 1855.
Reverse description : Deux drapeaux enlacés entre une branche de auriers et un palme ; légende autour.

Commentary


Il est intéressant de noter les similitudes avec cet avers issu des ateliers Allen & Moore de Birmingham et l’avers de la médaille de Barre fme_412148

Du 16 au 22 avril 1855, Napoléon III et Eugénie séjournent en Angleterre. Ils sont reçus au château de Windsor le 18 avril. Cette visite est un grand succès diplomatique. Le 18 août, Victoria et Albert de Saxe-Cobourg arrivent à Boulogne-sur-Mer. Aucun souverain anglais n’était venu en France depuis le XVe siècle. L’Exposition universelle se tient en même temps à Paris. Le couple royal repart le 27 août après plusieurs visites et célébrations.

Historical background


SECOND EMPIRE

(02/12/1852-04/09/1870)

Proclaimed Emperor under the name of Napoleon III, Louis Napoleon made his solemn entry into Paris on December 2, 1852.. He married Eugénie Marie de Montijo, a Spanish aristocrat, in January 1853. His reign can be divided into three periods: the authoritarian Empire until 1860; the Liberal Empire from 1860 to 1870 then the Parliamentary Empire in 1870. During the authoritarian Empire, Napoleon III exercised his power without sharing, controlled the press while the newspapers practiced self-censorship to avoid their suppression.. The prefects exercise unlimited power in the departments, the mayors, the civil servants are appointed by the government. As under the First Empire, Education and the University are monitored. Maintaining the main principles of the revolution, the sovereignty of the people is continued thanks to the consultation by plebiscite. On the economic level, the boom is important, industrialization develops as well as credit organizations and department stores. Military prestige is increased by the Crimean War which allows France to play an international role. The attack of Orsini (January 1858) does not prevent France from intervening in Italy to make triumph the principle of nationalities and allows the attachment of Nice and Savoy by the treaty of Turin (March 1860). From 1860, the Empire moved towards more freedoms: free trade treaty with England, appearance of a weak opposition in the Legislative Body, granting of the right to strike (1864), liberalization of the press (1868). On the international level, France acquires New Caledonia, Cochinchina and encourages the digging of the Suez Canal by Ferdinand de Lesseps. In Mexico, however, support for Maximilian and Austria was a failure. The 1869 elections were very bad for the regime and the opposition obtained 45% of the votes. The regime then evolved towards a parliamentary Empire by calling Émile Ollivier, leader of the Orléanist and liberal party, to power. After Sadowa in 1866 when Prussia crushed Austria, the affair of the throne of Spain and the dispatch from Ems led to the war which was declared on July 19, 1870. Accumulating setbacks, the French army was surrounded in Metz then Napoleon III, ill, capitulated at Sedan on September 2. As soon as the news was known, the decline of the Empire was announced by Gambetta, then the Republic was proclaimed on September 4.. Napoleon III was then taken captive to Hesse and then left for Kent where he died in 1873..

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